Well the first thing you would need is a temperature and humidity sensor, that made a contact closure when they hit your selected setting. That is 3rd party stuff, which I am sure you could locate. (With a little enginuity, a standard thermostat could probably be used for the temperature setting.)
X10 could take that contact closure via either an alarm door/window sensor, or a powerflash module and send an X10 command. Then the sky's the limit once that X10 command is sent - You could use a computer and ActiveHome Pro to start timers, trip a sequence of events, etc... You could simply trigger an appliance module for a heater or a fan directly (although not using an alarm door/window sensor - they would require ActiveHome Pro and a CM15A to decode, I believe)
I purposely did not use our part numbers because I believe the 240v ones have different part numbers, but you would just need a module that takes an external closure (sent by your sensors) and turned that into an X10 command.
By the way, there are already software packages that use internet weather reports to send X10 commands via the CM15A based on the temperature as reported on the web... So for example, when the weather is reported over 80 degrees F, it would turn on the fan...
Good Luck and let us know how it turns out!